Cryptocurrency: Iran’s Economic Backbone Under Scrutiny

Amid rising tensions following military actions by the United States and Israel, Iran’s alternative financial system powered by cryptocurrencies has grabbed the world’s attention. Over recent years, the country has integrated Bitcoin mining and the increasing use of stablecoins into its economic structure, bypassing traditional financial avenues. This digital ecosystem now underpins Iran’s ability to conduct international trade despite stringent sanctions.

How Does Iran’s Crypto-Based Economy Operate?

Back in 2019, Iran legalized Bitcoin mining, allowing licensed companies to utilize subsidized electricity. In return, miners were mandated to sell Bitcoin to Iran’s central bank. This bank then uses the acquired cryptocurrency as a substitute for US dollars to facilitate essential imports and circumvent typical financial channels.

Iran’s share in global Bitcoin mining has fluctuated between 2% and 5%, although much activity occurs covertly in undisclosed locations, making precise data elusive. According to blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis, Iran’s digital currency environment was valued at $7.78 billion in 2025.

What Role Does The Revolutionary Guard Play?

The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) has become pivotal in overseeing Iran’s crypto dealings. By late 2025, it reportedly managed over half of the country’s crypto transactions. Addresses linked to the IRGC saw over $3 billion in crypto transfers that year, though experts warn these figures might not fully capture the scale, given the opaque nature of tracking sanctions-listed wallets.

Stablecoins also prove crucial. The Central Bank of Iran amassed at least $507 million in Tether, signaling these assets as a key reserve circumventing dollar restrictions. Despite these strategies, Iran’s currency, the Rial, has not escaped massive devaluation.

For ordinary Iranians, cryptocurrencies have become a financial refuge. On-chain activities spike during unrest and internet shutdowns, reflecting citizens’ growing reliance on digital assets. A statement underscores the public’s dependence:

“Faced with persistent economic uncertainty and soaring inflation, many Iranians turn to Bitcoin to safeguard their savings.”

* Power-intensive Bitcoin mining relies heavily on Iran’s stressed electric grids.
* Military activity threatens energy supply stability, influencing mining capacities.
* Iran’s Bitcoin production cost hovers around $1,300 per unit, yielding notable revenues under current market prices.

Compliance remains under international scrutiny, as evidenced by Binance‘s experience. Concerns arose over potentially dismissive actions against warnings of Iran-related funds. This prompted US senators to demand investigations, highlighting international pressures on crypto transactions.

Research shows Iran’s crypto usage spikes correlate with geopolitical tensions. Personal withdrawals during such periods underscore digital currencies as emergency hedges against uncertainties, with a reminder from analysts:

“Prolonged conflict could reduce Iran’s mining capacity. However, given the global nature of the Bitcoin network, lost hash power would likely be absorbed by miners elsewhere, cushioning the overall impact.”

Iran’s crypto ecosystem serves as a crucial financial support for both its government and its citizens. Yet, energy limitations and regional conflicts pose threats to this fragile but essential economic framework.